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Linear Systems Purchase Order Terms and Conditions Purchase Order Terms and Conditions A. The term "Company" as used herein shall mean Linear Integrated Systems, Inc. B. The term "Buyer" as used herein shall mean a party placing a purchase order for the Company products (the "Products"). C. THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE (THE "TERMS") ARE THE ONLY TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THE AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE PARTIES. ANY AND ALL ADDITIONAL OR DIFFERENT TERMS, WHETHER IN A PURCHASE ORDER OR OTHER DOCUMENT GIVEN BEFORE OR AFTER THESE TERMS, ARE SPECIFICALLY REJECTED AND SHALL NOT BECOME PART OF THESE TERMS UNLESS AGREED TO IN WRITING BY THE COMPANY. 1. SCOPE These Terms apply to all quotations and offers made by and purchase orders accepted by the Company. Acceptance of Buyer's order is conditioned upon Buyer's acceptance of these Terms, whether by written acknowledgment, implication, or acceptance and payment of goods ordered. Any conflicting or additional terms provided by the Buyer are specifically rejected. Any changes in these Terms must be agreed upon in writing by a corporate officer of the Company. 2. PRICES, TAXES, AND DUTIES Prices are quoted in U.S. Dollars and may change without notice. Prices are firm and not subject to renegotiation, except at the Company's discretion. All prices exclude international duties, foreign taxes, and US federal, state, and local taxes. Buyer shall pay all applicable taxes and duties and indemnify the Company against any related expenses. Any price reductions based on volume discounts will be revoked if the Buyer reduces the number of parts purchased below discount levels. All price quotations are valid for 30 days, and parts must be delivered within 180 days from the quotation date. The Company may extend the validity of quotations at its discretion. 3. PAYMENT TERMS Payments shall be in U.S. Dollars. Net terms may be granted upon approval. Customer agrees to remit payment for the invoice in full by the agreed-upon due date. Should payment extend beyond the specified Net Terms, Customer acknowledges and accepts that any outstanding fee not settled within five (5) days from its due date shall accrue interest at a rate of 2.5% per month, commencing from the fifth (5th) day after the due date until payment is made. Upon payment, all fees become nonrefundable. Linear Systems retains the right, at its discretion and at any point, to adjust the monthly interest rate for overdue invoices. The Company may require payment in advance or C.O.D. The Company may suspend performance or require cash payment or other assurances if Buyer’s financial condition warrants it. Payment must be made in Alameda County, California, where any collection action may be brought. Cancellations or reschedules must be requested in writing within seven (7) days of order submission. Otherwise, the Buyer must pay liquidated damages equivalent to the full purchase price. 4. TITLE AND DELIVERY All sales are EXW (Incoterms 2000) point of shipment in the U.S. Title passes to the Buyer upon receipt of payment in full. The Company is not responsible for damage or delays after delivery to the carrier. Any claims for damages must be filed with the carrier. Shortage claims must be made within ten (10) days of shipment arrival. The Company may deliver in installments and is not liable for failure to meet delivery schedules or costs of procuring substitute goods. 5. ACCEPTANCE Buyer must inspect products upon receipt and file any claims for damage, shortages, or nonconformity immediately. Claims must be made within 30 days of receipt. No returns are accepted without a Return Material Authorization ("RMA"). 6. LIMITED WARRANTY The Company warrants products against defects in workmanship and materials for 90 days, subject to terms and conditions. The warranty does not apply to products subject to misuse, neglect, or unauthorized modifications. The Company's liability is limited to rescreening, reprocessing, replacing nonconforming products, or issuing credit for the purchase price. Warranty is contingent upon full payment. All other warranties are disclaimed. 7. INFRINGEMENT Buyer indemnifies the Company against any claims of intellectual property infringement resulting from compliance with Buyer’s designs or specifications. The Company is not liable for any infringement claims arising from the use of products in combination with non-Company products. 8. FORCE MAJEURE The Company is not liable for failure to perform due to unforeseen circumstances or causes beyond its control, such as natural disasters, war, or labor shortages. Delivery dates may be deferred during such delays. 9. CANCELLATIONS AND RESCHEDULES No cancellations or reschedules will be accepted within thirty (30) days of the earliest requested ship date. 10. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY The Company, its employees, officers, and directors are not liable for any breach of this Agreement, product order, or terms and conditions for business interruption costs, special, incidental, or consequential damages. Liability is limited to the amount paid by the Buyer for the products giving rise to the claim. 11. LIFE SUPPORT AND OTHER APPLICATIONS The Company's products are not authorized for use in life support devices or other critical applications without express written approval. Buyer assumes full risk and liability for such use and indemnifies the Company against related claims. 12. MIL-STD CLASS H AND CLASS K APPLICATIONS The Company's products are not authorized for use in MIL-STD Class H and Class K applications without express written approval. Buyer assumes full risk and liability for such use and indemnifies the Company against related claims. 13. EXPORT CONTROL Buyer agrees to comply with all applicable U.S. and destination country laws and regulations, including export controls. Buyer indemnifies the Company against damages from breaches of these laws. 14. LEAD-FREE, ROHS COMPLIANT PARTS The Company warrants products to be lead-free and RoHS compliant when ordered correctly. Electrical performance is guaranteed, but packaging reliability is not. Buyer indemnifies the Company against claims related to the use of non-compliant parts. 15. PRODUCT DISCONTINUANCE The Company reserves the right to discontinue any product at any time, with an attempt to provide twelve (12) months' notice. The Company is not liable for costs or damages due to product discontinuance. 16. ORDER ACCEPTANCE The Company reserves the right to reject any purchase order and is not liable for costs or damages resulting from non-acceptance. Selected parts are sold on a Non-Cancellable, Non-Returnable basis. Buyer’s purchases are final and subject to terms and conditions for NCNR parts. 17. DATECODE POLICY Linear Systems does not accept any restrictions on the sale or shipment of parts based on the device date code unless there are design-specific technical requirements agreed upon by both Linear Systems and the buyer. Linear Systems reserves the right to ship any date code for customer orders and samples. Linear Systems does not acknowledge a correlation between field failures and date codes exceeding 36 months. The Linear Systems Warranty applies to all products regardless of device date codes. 18. CONTROLLING LAW These terms and conditions are governed by the laws of the State of California, with sole jurisdiction and venue in Alameda County, California. 19. GENERAL LEGAL Linear Systems sells product based on our Terms & Conditions, not those of the purchaser. These terms constitute the entire contract and supersede all previous communications. Any changes must be agreed upon in writing. Unenforceable sections do not affect the remaining terms. Failure to enforce any provision does not waive it. Notices must be in writing and sent to the specified Company address. The prevailing party in any legal action is entitled to recover attorney's fees and costs. Rev K 052825 Privacy Policy Collection of Personal Information Visitors to the Linear Integrated Systems' web site are not required to reveal any personal information in order to use many of the features of the site. However, in some instances, Linear Systems requests that users provide certain personal information in order to facilitate future communications, make a purchase of Linear Systems' products, or receive other materials from Linear Systems. What does Linear Systems do with my personal information? Linear Systems will use the information you provide for legitimate business purposes which may include sharing some information with Linear Systems' authorized distributors. These legitimate business purposes may include facilitating future communications with you, assisting you in making a purchase of Linear Systems' products, or responding to your request for Linear Systems' information or samples. Linear Systems also reserves the right to collect and share personal information as part of an investigation or response to a violation of Linear Systems' terms and conditions, fraud, illegal activities or other actions or threats which may damage Linear Systems. Except the aforementioned instances, Linear Systems will never share your personal information with third parties. Rev. A 03202023

Discover our diverse product line of innovative solutions at 4042 Clipper Court, Fremont, CA, USA. From Ultra-Low-Noise JFETs to Current Regulating Diodes, DMOS High-Speed Switches, MOSFETs, Bipolar Transistors, Low Leakage Diodes, and Voltage Controlled Resistors, we offer cutting-edge technology to meet your needs. Find the perfect solution for your requirements today! Our Products Linear Systems specializes in manufacturing high-performance small-signal discrete semiconductors, including ultra-low-noise monolithic dual and single JFETs, high-speed lateral DMOS switches, low-leakage diodes, current-regulating diodes, monolithic dual transistors, MOSFETs, BiFET amplifiers, and voltage-controlled resistors. Our products are recognized for their precision, reliability, and performance, serving applications in military sensors, industrial controls, high-end audio equipment, medical electronics, and test and measurement instruments. Notably, our LSK series, featuring the LSK389 and LSK170 ultra-low-noise N-channel JFETs, is designed for the most demanding applications. Our high-speed lateral DMOS switches, including single and quad nanosecond switches, offer exceptional performance with minimal crosstalk. Additionally, our PAD series of low-leakage diodes provides superior alternatives when reverse current must be minimized, with leakage currents ranging from -1 pA to -100 pA. Since 1987, we have been committed to delivering cutting-edge semiconductor solutions that meet the evolving needs of our customers. JFET Amplifiers Duals JFET Amplifiers Singles JFET Switches DMOS High Speed Switches Low Leakage Diodes Current Regulating Diodes Bipolar Transistors MOSFETs Voltage Controlled Resistors BIFET Amplifier Sample Boxes

HIGH VOLTAGE, SUPER BETA, MONOLITHIC DUAL, NPN TRANSISTOR < Back LS301 Series HIGH VOLTAGE, SUPER BETA, MONOLITHIC DUAL, NPN TRANSISTOR Previous Next

TIGHTLY MATCHED, MONOLITHIC DUAL, NPN TRANSISTOR < Back LS310 Series TIGHTLY MATCHED, MONOLITHIC DUAL, NPN TRANSISTOR Previous Next

Quality At Linear Systems, quality is not just a standard; it's a commitment we uphold at every step of our operations. We are proud to have our quality management system certified to ISO 9001:2015, a testament to our unwavering dedication to excellence. Our commitment to quality is reflected in our rigorous internal audit processes, ensuring that every aspect of our operations meets the highest standards. Through our Continuous Improvement Program (CIP), we continuously review and refine our processes, building on past successes to implement best practices across the board. Our ultimate goal is zero defects, and we achieve this by conducting thorough failure analysis and root cause determination at every stage of development and production. By leveraging cutting-edge quality-analysis tools and methods, we ensure that our products consistently meet and exceed expectations. ISO Certificate

MONOLITHIC DUAL, NPN TRANSISTOR < Back IT120 Series MONOLITHIC DUAL, NPN TRANSISTOR Previous Next

Welcome to our Literature page, where you can delve into a treasure trove of white papers and application notes covering our range of parts. Explore insights on ultra-low noise JFETs, DMOS, Current Regulating Diodes, JFET Switches, and low-leakage diodes, all designed to empower your understanding of our products. Literature Linear Systems offers an extensive library of technical resources tailored for analog circuit designers. Our collection includes detailed data books, product selection guides, cross-references, datasheets, original application notes, and white papers. This comprehensive literature serves as an invaluable reference for engineers, students, and hobbyists seeking to optimize their signal chain designs. By providing in-depth insights into small-signal discrete semiconductors and JFET applications, our materials empower you to create efficient and innovative analog circuits. Explore our resources to enhance your design process and stay at the forefront of analog technology. Datasheets Linear Systems provides detailed datasheets summarizing our components’ performance in ways to assist designers seeking to find the right part quickly. Our data sheets include typical/minimum/maximum performance data, along with an array of curves illustrating part performance so designers understand how these devices will contribute to overall system performance. Cross Reference Linear Systems continues to produce a wide range of JFET, DMOS and other standard products also previously manufactured by Siliconix, Fairchild and other companies. This cross reference provides buyers with a tool to quickly find replacements for discontinued standard products. Application Notes Linear Systems has a wide range of application notes written by top industry professionals to assist designers in making optimal use of our components in their products.

Linear Systems designs and manufactures the highest-performance line of monolithic dual JFETs in the industry. Contact us for a quote! Back LSK389 Series LOW NOISE, MONOLITHIC DUAL, N-CHANNEL JFET T he LSK389A, B, C and D grades of high performance monolithic dual JFETs feature extremely low noise, tight offset voltage and low drift over temperature specifications, and is targeted for use in a wide range of precision instrumentation applications. This series has a wide selection of offset and drift specifications. This high-performance, ultra-low-noise dual N-Channel JFET amplifier is the only 100-percent noise tested JFET available and provides the optimal balance between very low noise (en =1.3nV/√Hz) and input capacitance (Ciss = 25pF). Available in TO-71 6L, SOIC 8L, as well as die form. Advanced screening options are available for our diverse product lineup, featuring JFETS, Bipolar transistors, Mosfet, current regulators, and Diodes. Our special screening covers all the parameters listed in the standard data sheet, including comprehensive package pin-out. Connect with our experienced technical team to discuss your specific needs and tailor your requirements—email us at support@linearsystems.com or call (510) 490-9160. MOQ applies to these specialized services. Ordering Information Below are the options you have when ordering this part series: LSK389A TO-71 6L RoHS LSK389B TO-71 6L RoHS LSK389C TO-71 6L RoHS LSK389D TO-71 6L RoHS LSK389A SOIC 8L RoHS LSK389B SOIC 8L RoHS LSK389C SOIC 8L RoHS LSK389D SOIC 8L RoHS LSK389A Die LSK389B Die LSK389C Die LSK389D Die Datasheet Spice Model Application Notes

Navigate the Purchase Order Terms and Conditions page for our Fremont-based semiconductor manufacturer and gain insights into our business practices. Purchase Order Terms and Conditions A. The term "Company" as used herein shall mean Linear Integrated Systems, Inc. B. The term "Buyer" as used herein shall mean a party placing a purchase order for the Company products (the "Products"). C. THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE (THE "TERMS") ARE THE ONLY TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THE AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE PARTIES. ANY AND ALL ADDITIONAL OR DIFFERENT TERMS, WHETHER IN A PURCHASE ORDER OR OTHER DOCUMENT GIVEN BEFORE OR AFTER THESE TERMS, ARE SPECIFICALLY REJECTED AND SHALL NOT BECOME PART OF THESE TERMS UNLESS AGREED TO IN WRITING BY THE COMPANY. 1. SCOPE These Terms apply to all quotations and offers made by and purchase orders accepted by the Company. Acceptance of Buyer's order is conditioned upon Buyer's acceptance of these Terms, whether by written acknowledgment, implication, or acceptance and payment of goods ordered. Any conflicting or additional terms provided by the Buyer are specifically rejected. Any changes in these Terms must be agreed upon in writing by a corporate officer of the Company. 2. PRICES, TAXES, AND DUTIES Prices are quoted in U.S. Dollars and may change without notice. Prices are firm and not subject to renegotiation, except at the Company's discretion. All prices exclude international duties, foreign taxes, and US federal, state, and local taxes. Buyer shall pay all applicable taxes and duties and indemnify the Company against any related expenses. Any price reductions based on volume discounts will be revoked if the Buyer reduces the number of parts purchased below discount levels. All price quotations are valid for 30 days, and parts must be delivered within 180 days from the quotation date. The Company may extend the validity of quotations at its discretion. 3. PAYMENT TERMS Payments shall be in U.S. Dollars. Net terms may be granted upon approval. Customer agrees to remit payment for the invoice in full by the agreed-upon due date. Should payment extend beyond the specified Net Terms, Customer acknowledges and accepts that any outstanding fee not settled within five (5) days from its due date shall accrue interest at a rate of 2.5% per month, commencing from the fifth (5th) day after the due date until payment is made. Upon payment, all fees become nonrefundable. Linear Systems retains the right, at its discretion and at any point, to adjust the monthly interest rate for overdue invoices. The Company may require payment in advance or C.O.D. The Company may suspend performance or require cash payment or other assurances if Buyer’s financial condition warrants it. Payment must be made in Alameda County, California, where any collection action may be brought. Cancellations or reschedules must be requested in writing within seven (7) days of order submission. Otherwise, the Buyer must pay liquidated damages equivalent to the full purchase price. 4. TITLE AND DELIVERY All sales are EXW (Incoterms 2000) point of shipment in the U.S. Title passes to the Buyer upon receipt of payment in full. The Company is not responsible for damage or delays after delivery to the carrier. Any claims for damages must be filed with the carrier. Shortage claims must be made within ten (10) days of shipment arrival. The Company may deliver in installments and is not liable for failure to meet delivery schedules or costs of procuring substitute goods. 5. ACCEPTANCE Buyer must inspect products upon receipt and file any claims for damage, shortages, or nonconformity immediately. Claims must be made within 30 days of receipt. No returns are accepted without a Return Material Authorization ("RMA"). 6. LIMITED WARRANTY The Company warrants products against defects in workmanship and materials for 90 days, subject to terms and conditions. The warranty does not apply to products subject to misuse, neglect, or unauthorized modifications. The Company's liability is limited to rescreening, reprocessing, replacing nonconforming products, or issuing credit for the purchase price. Warranty is contingent upon full payment. All other warranties are disclaimed. 7. INFRINGEMENT Buyer indemnifies the Company against any claims of intellectual property infringement resulting from compliance with Buyer’s designs or specifications. The Company is not liable for any infringement claims arising from the use of products in combination with non-Company products. 8. FORCE MAJEURE The Company is not liable for failure to perform due to unforeseen circumstances or causes beyond its control, such as natural disasters, war, or labor shortages. Delivery dates may be deferred during such delays. 9. CANCELLATIONS AND RESCHEDULES No cancellations or reschedules will be accepted within thirty (30) days of the earliest requested ship date. 10. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY The Company, its employees, officers, and directors are not liable for any breach of this Agreement, product order, or terms and conditions for business interruption costs, special, incidental, or consequential damages. Liability is limited to the amount paid by the Buyer for the products giving rise to the claim. 11. LIFE SUPPORT AND OTHER APPLICATIONS The Company's products are not authorized for use in life support devices or other critical applications without express written approval. Buyer assumes full risk and liability for such use and indemnifies the Company against related claims. 12. MIL-STD CLASS H AND CLASS K APPLICATIONS The Company's products are not authorized for use in MIL-STD Class H and Class K applications without express written approval. Buyer assumes full risk and liability for such use and indemnifies the Company against related claims. 13. EXPORT CONTROL Buyer agrees to comply with all applicable U.S. and destination country laws and regulations, including export controls. Buyer indemnifies the Company against damages from breaches of these laws. 14. LEAD-FREE, ROHS COMPLIANT PARTS The Company warrants products to be lead-free and RoHS compliant when ordered correctly. Electrical performance is guaranteed, but packaging reliability is not. Buyer indemnifies the Company against claims related to the use of non-compliant parts. 15. PRODUCT DISCONTINUANCE The Company reserves the right to discontinue any product at any time, with an attempt to provide twelve (12) months' notice. The Company is not liable for costs or damages due to product discontinuance. 16. ORDER ACCEPTANCE The Company reserves the right to reject any purchase order and is not liable for costs or damages resulting from non-acceptance. Selected parts are sold on a Non-Cancellable, Non-Returnable basis. Buyer’s purchases are final and subject to terms and conditions for NCNR parts. 17. DATECODE POLICY Linear Systems does not accept any restrictions on the sale or shipment of parts based on the device date code unless there are design-specific technical requirements agreed upon by both Linear Systems and the buyer. Linear Systems reserves the right to ship any date code for customer orders and samples. Linear Systems does not acknowledge a correlation between field failures and date codes exceeding 36 months. The Linear Systems Warranty applies to all products regardless of device date codes. 18. CONTROLLING LAW These terms and conditions are governed by the laws of the State of California, with sole jurisdiction and venue in Alameda County, California. 19. GENERAL LEGAL Linear Systems sells product based on our Terms & Conditions, not those of the purchaser. These terms constitute the entire contract and supersede all previous communications. Any changes must be agreed upon in writing. Unenforceable sections do not affect the remaining terms. Failure to enforce any provision does not waive it. Notices must be in writing and sent to the specified Company address. The prevailing party in any legal action is entitled to recover attorney's fees and costs. Rev K 052825

SINGLE, LOW CAPACITANCE, ULTRA-HIGH INPUT IMPEDANCE, N-CHANNEL JFET AMPLIFIER < Back 2N/PN/SST4117 Series SINGLE, LOW CAPACITANCE, ULTRA-HIGH INPUT IMPEDANCE, N-CHANNEL JFET AMPLIFIER The 2N/PN/SST4117 Series Single, Low Capacitance, Ultra-High Input Impedance, N-Channel JFET Amplifier is a direct replacement for the Fairchild, NXP and Siliconix-Vishay equivalent part series. It is ideal for high input impedance applications. Available in the TO-72 4L, TO-92 3L and SOT-23 3L RoHS package, as well as die form. Advanced screening options are available for our diverse product lineup, featuring JFETS, Bipolar transistors, MOSFETs, current regulators, and Diodes. Our special screening covers all the parameters listed in the standard datasheet, including comprehensive package pin-out. Connect with our experienced technical team to discuss your specific needs and tailor your requirements—email us at support@linearsystems.com or call (510) 490-9160. MOQ applies to these specialized services. Ordering Information Below are the options you have when ordering this part series: 2N4117 TO-72 4L RoHS 2N4118 TO-72 4L RoHS 2N4119 TO-72 4L RoHS PN4117 TO-92 3L RoHS PN4118 TO-92 3L RoHS PN4119 TO-92 3L RoHS SST4117 SOT-23 3L RoHS SST4118 SOT-23 3L RoHS SST4119 SOT-23 3L RoHS 2N4117 Die 2N4118 Die 2N4119 Die Datasheet Spice Model Application Notes

< Back Cloud Microphones Linear Systems Mar 17, 2023 Keeping the Family Business Going Cloud Microphones Among the more lamented departures from the world of electronics was RCA's microphone business. A few years ago I visited the college radio station where I'd worked in the 80s, and one of my former professors was proudly showing off an RCA 44A ribbon microphone the school had acquired. Though it had a few dents and scratches, it was a work of art. Soon after I saw it, the university's music department borrowed the mic for recording sessions and never gave it back. A typical RCA 44A ribbon microphone(Source: Wikipedia) Like original McIntosh MC275 amps, old ribbon microphones are collected because, when used correctly, they produce sounds hard to get elsewhere. But eventually even the vintage electronics section of eBay runs dry.One of the companies helping to provide new ribbon microphones and preamps, Cloud Microphones, has been able to continue the work RCA did through collaboration between a musician/businessman, Rodger Cloud, and Stephen Sank, son of RCA's ribbon microphone designer Jon R. Sank.Jon Sank had done design work at RCA that included the BK-10A and the BK-11. When he passed away in 1998, he left Stephen with the knowledge and other tools to continue the ribbon microphone work that RCA had left behind.Cloud came to Tucson as a singer/songwriter and started getting involved with bands and recording music. Sank moved into an office suite next door to Cloud's studio, and in 2006 they started working together.“So we collaborated on the initial designs of some of the mics, and I worked with him first refurbishing the vintage mics and so forth, and I really fell in love with the technology as it was in the 1930s and 1940s. It was just pretty darn great,” Cloud told me. “However, there were certainly challenges with the technology, most notably those types of microphones had a really weak sensitivity and are really difficult to deal with in terms of amplifying them.”Cloud said that even with exceptional amplifiers, it was very difficult to use ribbon microphones to record some softer sounds because of the gain requirements. This led Sank and Cloud to develop the JRS-34 ribbon microphone, named in honor of Sank's father and noting the year he was born. Rodger Cloud with his version of the RCA mic “As we worked on it, I really felt the need for an active microphone,” Cloud said. “And we really pushed ourselves to come up with something. We weren't just coming up with something that was OK. It had to be absolutely audiophile quality.” The result was a ribbon microphone that uses a Linear Systems LSK389 monolithic dual n-channel JFET to amplify the signal. Cloud wanted a dual JFET that would provide common-mode rejection in his amplifier, and settled on the LSK389. “It's just the JFET that we like the best. The power requirements for the circuit are low. We tested all of them, and this is the one that seemed to give us the results we were looking for.”Wiley Ross, who runs the recording studio at the University of Arizona, is a big fan of the Cloud's gear. “I use the Cloudlifter almost always when recording from a passive microphone,” he wrote in a recent email to me.“I don't use it because I need the gain, I have plenty with my Millennia Media HV-3R, but because the sound is better; richer, more depth,” Ross wrote. “With the Cloudlifter Z it's like having your mic locker expand to do all the different sonic possibilities afforded.”Ross added that Cloud's JRS-34 is a “main-stay” ribbon microphone. “I love it on all wind and brass instruments. Listening tests with other fine ribbons with faculty, students, and staff confirm its superiority.” The Cloudlifter Using a JFET-based circuit wasn't an obvious solution at first, Cloud said. “We were looking at several options with the microphones, and I was the one who suggested that we try the JFET technology. We were also looking at chip-based technology, different ways we could activate the mic. One of the problems with a chip-based design was we were going to have to use a couple of nine-volt batteries. We just couldn't figure out a way to get it to work on the phantom.”Using the Linear Systems' LSK389, which combines ultra-low noise with low IDSS , enabled Cloud and Sank to build a phantom-powered active ribbon microphone. Cloud said the prototype of the active circuitry was set up in a test box to enable testing various microphones. “And it only took a few moments to realize that this box is cool. And that's how the Cloudlifter accidently came to be.”The Cloudlifter is the active part of the company's ribbon microphone broken out into a format that can be used with many microphones people already have, and it soon became the company's best-selling product. “It's a game-changer, or more accurately a 'gain-changer,' because it allows people to use microphones that they normally would not even consider for softer sources, acoustic instruments, because the problem in the past has always been defeating the noise floor of the preamplifier.”The Cloudlifter is a standalone product customers could use to boost the gain of other microphones. It plugs into the line coming from a microphone and uses any standard phantom powered microphone input device to provide up to 25dB of “ultra-clean, transparent gain.”The Cloudlifter is recommended for: recording direct into a digital audio workstation interface; working with noisy or low gain preamps; using mixers/preamps that impair the sound at higher gain settings; working with passive ribbon microphones or low-output dynamic microphones; capturing softer sound sources such as acoustic instruments and voice; and when using long cable runs.When Cloud and his colleagues were first designing the circuit, they used Toshiba JFETs. “We found out about Linear Systems' products so we tried and we compared it,” says Cloud. “We liked it better than Toshiba. It was still an improvement, and I liked what it did for the Cloudlifter — it seemed to drop the noise floor even further, which is always a good thing when you're dealing with really low-sensitivity microphones.”Cloud said that after sales increased for the Cloudlifter, it became too labor intensive to match the single LSK170 JFETs. “It was becoming almost a full-time job to hand-match these little JFETs, so we started looking at the duals, and we went to the surface-mount technology, and I've got to say the Linear Systems duals are awesome. We can't match them that closely by hand, and the failure rate of the entire card as a whole is less than one in a thousand now. And we couldn't achieve that making them by hand.”The common-mode rejection enables the Cloudlifter to “pass clean audio in the worst of circumstances, next to a radio tower, in EMI hell,” according to Cloud.

Linear Systems typically doesn't require visitors to provide personal information for website use. However, in certain cases, we may ask for it to facilitate future communications, purchases, or material requests. We reserve the right to collect and share personal information in response to violations, fraud, or actions that may harm our company, but otherwise, we do not share your information with third parties. Privacy Policy A privacy policy is a statement that discloses some or all of the ways a website collects, uses, discloses, and manages the data of its visitors and customers. It fulfills a legal requirement to protect a visitor or client's privacy. Countries have their own laws with different requirements per jurisdiction regarding the use of privacy policies. Make sure you are following the legislation relevant to your activities and location. In general, what should you cover in your Privacy Policy? What type of information do you collect? How do you collect information? Why do you collect such personal information? How do you store, use, share and disclose your site visitors' personal information? How (and if) do you communicate with your site visitors? Is your service targeting and collecting information from Minors? Privacy policy updates Contact Information You can check out this support article to receive more information about how to create a privacy policy. The explanations and information provided herein are only general explanations, information and samples. You should not rely on this article as legal advice or as recommendations regarding what you should actually do. We recommend that you seek legal advice to help you understand and to assist you in the creation of your privacy policy.